Words In Their Contexts...

The ability of a language user lies in using a right word in a right context.  This ability enables one to encode or express ideas in a better way.  To attain this end, one must be able to group together of individual word-meanings or phrase-meanings that generally share the same idea, concept, or semantic area.  They mean the same thing in a general way, but they entail certain key differences.  These differences govern why one word sounds natural or correct in a particular sentence and why another word, apparently close in meaning to the first word, does not sound right.  For example: "Because" in its varied shades is used to explain why something happened, why you did something etc.

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Because                   out of                   

The reason... is that on acount of 

Because of                as a result of 

Since                        due to

As                            owing to

Through                    seeing as

  Because (conjunction):  She is in a bad mood because her father won't let her go to the party tonight.

  Another meaning -  the reason ..... is that -  It is used when you are explaining something carefully, especially when you've been asked to explain why something happened.

Usage:    The reason we didn't consider you for the job was that you didn't have enough experience.

  The reason we are here this evening is to say 'thank you' to Hari for all his hard work.

BECAUSE OF - (Prep)

Usage :  I had to move because of my job.

  Because of your incompetence we have lost a lot of business.

SINCE :    This meaning is used to introduce the reason why you decide to do something or suggest doing something (conjunction).

Usage: We had planned to play tennis but since it was raining we decided to go swimming instead.

  Since you're going to be in the area anyway, you can pick up the order for me.

AS :   It is used to introduce the reason why a particular situation exists, why someone decides to do something or suggests doing something etc. (conjuction).

Usage :   As he had1 been in prison several times, he was a prime suspect for the case. 

THROUGH:   It is used especially when you want to explain why something has succeeded or why it has failed. (Preposition).

Usage :  We succeeded through sheer hard work.

OUT OF :    Out of curiosity / desperation.  It is used especially when someone has done something they wouldn't usually do (preposition).

Usage:   I came to you out of desperation -  you've to help me.  I think I should like to taste a piece of Octopus, just out of curiosity.

ON ACCOUNT OF  is used when you want to explain the reason for a difficulty, problem, or failur (prep) for example : we had to move to London on account of my job.

I cannot run on account of my asthma.

AS A RESULT OF   is used especially in news reports and public statements to introduce the cause of something that has happened (something unpleasant usually) (prep).

Usage :  Many people are homeless as a result of the civil war.

As a result of adverse weather conditions, all trains will be subjected to delays.

DUE TO   is used especially in official statements to introduce the reason for a difficulty or failure (prep).

Usage :   Our flight was delayed due to a strike by air-traffic controllers.

OWING TO  is also used in official statements to explain why something happened.

Usage :   This is one of the most commonly used metals in modern industry owing to its widespread availability.

SEEING AS is an informal expression which is used especially to talk about a situation that causes you to decide or suggest something that you haven't originally intended.

USAGE :  It was a great idea to go to the cinema but seeing as no one had any money, we couldn't go.

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Company Secretary__ Finance, Accounts, Acquisitions, Corporate Development Planning

In the corporate world, corporate governance is a vital aspect which determines the overall success of a business establishment. The current growth in the corporate domain has opened up new vistas and necessitated the introduction of a whole new range of economic activities. This has led to various amendments and notifications incorporating various rules and regulations which lie within the professional ambit of a Company Secretary (CS). This also has resulted in a greater demand for Company Secretaries.

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Thus, the profession is highly respected as well as lucrative. It has vast opportunities for expansion, especially after the legal requirement notified by Government that every company having a paid-up share capital of not less than Rs. 50 lakh must appoint a Company Secretary and the number of such companies is rising fast. Also, all companies seeking listing on stock exchange are required to have a whole-time qualified Company Secretary. Now even many small companies are engaging Company Secretaries in their own interest.

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Company Secretaryship has become by far one of the most prestigious and powerful professions in the context of increasing professionalisation of corporate managements. A company Secretary is a vital link between the shareholders, the company, the Board of Directors and the Government and as such he holds a pivotal position in a company. With emphasis on self regulation in the present day liberalised regimes, the role of Company Secretary has assumed greater importance. Apart from various functions in finance, accounts, legal, administrative and personnel areas hitherto tried out Company Secretaries are now also called upon to act as corporate development planners, besides arranging foreign collaborations, acquisitions, takeovers, etc., as also winding up of companies, sick or otherwise, in addition to discharging their own secretarial duties, There is a vast scope for specialisation in Company Secretaryship in view of shortage of skilled professionals in areas like Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA), Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI), labour, banking and taxation. Further, before any merger takes place, the company has to go through a 'due diligence' process. This process involves a thorough assessment of the state of the company and a CS is the most appropriately qualified professional to carrfy out such a function for the corporates and consultants. Another area which is gaining currency these days is the Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), which falls within the area of expertise of a Company Secretary.

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Eligibility...

To be eligible for appearing in the Foundation or the Intermediate Course, you must register with the ICSI at least eight months in adgvance for the CS course. Admission to the course is open throughout the year. Examinations are held twice a year (JUNE & DECEMBER). There are more than 50 exams centres spread across the country. The overseas centre is located in Dubai. To qualify as a CS you have to clear five papers in foundation exam, eight in intermediate and nine in final examination.

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Courses...

In keeping with the changing patterns of the world economy and business, the curriculum of the CS program has been revised recently. The new look syllabus includes topics like English, Business Communication, Basic Economics and Business Environment, Financial Accounting, General and Commercial Law, Company Accounts, Cost and Management Accounting, Company Law, Management, Information Systems and Corporate Communications, Company Secretarial Practice relating to economic laws and drafting, Corporate Restructuring--law and practice, Banking and Insurance--law and practice, World Trade Organisation--International Trade, Joint Ventures and Foreign Collaborations, Human Resource Management and Industrial Relations.

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The ICSI offers Foundation Course for 10+2 passed candidates.Its aim is to enable 10+2 pass candidates aspiring to take up Company Secretary profession as their air in life. Only such candidates who have got themselves registered with ICSI and have satisfactorily completed the compulsory postal ICSI coaching through distance education are eligible to appear in this course. In addition to this, the students have the option to attend coaching classes organised by ICSI through its officers all over India. A student has to successfully complete postal or oral coaching to be eligible for admission to Foundation Course as prescribed under the Company Secretary Regulations 1982. The ICSI, headquartered at New Delhi, has 4 Regional Offices at Kolkata, Delhi, Chennai and Mumbai as also 37 chapters located in various cities in India.

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The 8-month Foundation Course, aimed at attracting talented students to the profession at an early stage, is open for 10+2 pass students from any stream, viz., Humanities/Science/Commerce excluding Fine Arts. There is no minimum percentage of marks. Admission to the course is open throughout the year and examinations are held in June & December. The Subjects of Foundation Course are :

1) Business Economics & Business Environment,

2) Financial Accounting,

3) Information System and Quantitative Techniques,

4) Elements of Business Laws & Management, and of course

5) English & Business Communication.

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A minimum of 40% marks in each subject and an aggregate of 50% in all subjects in one sitting is must for qualifying in the exam. the medium of writing the exam is either English or Hindi. However, the ICSI provides study material for postal coaching in English only.

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After clearing the Foundation Course, the candidate can take the Intermediate and later, Final examination of Company Secretaryship. Graduates in any discipline (other than from Fine Arts) are exempted from taking Foundation Course and can seek direct admission to Intermediate Course.

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PROSPECTS...

The placement of its successfull students is facilitated by ICSI. A meritorious student of CS, now-a-days starts with a monthly salary of Rs. 20,000 to Rs. 25,000. Generally speaking, one can get at least Rs. 10,000 per month. But in the first five years, a CS should not really focus on salary but try to develop a good work profile.

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INSTITUTES

HEAD OFFICE:

The Institute of Company Secretaries of India..

ICSI House, 22, Institutional Area, Lodi Road, New Delhi-110003.

Website - http://www.icsi.edu/

The Institute has four Regional Councils located in Eastern, Northern, Southern and Western regions each having several chapters under its jurisdiction.

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EASTERN REGION

ICSI-EIRC House, 3-A, Ahiripukur, 1st Lane, Near Beck Nursing Home, Kolkata-700019

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Chapters under Eastern Region, BHUBANESWAR

Plot No. 676 (Near Maharishi College of National Law), Saheed Nagar, Bhubaneswar-751007.

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GUWAHATI (NORTH EAST)

"Satyadip", Dr. S.K. Bhuyan Road, Dighalipukhuri East, Guwahati-781001

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JAMSHEDPUR

C/o Tata Yodogawa Ltd.,

XLRI Campus, Circuit House Area (E), Jamshedpur-831001.

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PATNA

H/o Shri Gopal Prasad Singh, Rajapurpul, Near River View Petrol Pump, Dujra, Patna-8000001.

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RANCHI

445, Pee Pee Compound, Ranchi-834001

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Northern Region

ICSI-NIRC BUILDING, Plot No. 4, Prasad Nagar Institutional Area, Rajendra Place, New Delhi-110005

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Chapters under Northern Region

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AGRA

B-623, Kamla Nagar, Agra-282004

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AJMER (SATELLITE)

381, Naya Bazar, Ajmer-305001

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ALLAHABAD (SATELLITE)

53 F, Meerapur, Allahabad-211003

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AMRITSAR (SATELLITE)

Share Plaza, 3, MM Malaviya Road, Near Adarsh Cinema, Amritsar.

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BAREILLY (SATELLITE)

C-59, Butler Plaza, Civil Lines, Bareilly.

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BEAWAR (SATELLITE)

Hotel Vikrant, Near Old Bus Stand, Sampurnanand Marg, Beawar-305901.

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BHILWARA (SATELLITE)

10/54, Amar Bhawan, Punjabi Gali, Bhopal Ganj, Bilwara-311001.

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CHANDIGARH

GGDSD College, Sector-32-C, Chandigarh.

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DEHRADUN (SATELLITE)

12 Dronpuri, General Mahadev, Singh Road, Dehradun-248001.

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FARIDABAD

948, Sector-16, Faridabad-121007.

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GAZIABADC

B-23, Nehru Apartment, Nehru Nagar, Near Nasirpur Railway Crossing, Ghaziabad-201001

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GURGAON

C/o Alpine Convent School, Behind Government Girls College, Sector 15, Part II Gurgaon-122001.

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JAIPUR

ICSI House, A-5/A Institutional Area, Jhalana Doongri, Jaipur-302004.

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JALANDHAR (SATELLITE)

Raj Chambers, Hind Samachar Street, Jalandhar.

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JAMMU (SATELLITE)

204, 2nd Floor, 204, South Block, Rail Head Complex, Jammu.

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JODHPUR (SATELLITE)

C/o SS Surana & Co., Rai Bahadur Plaza, Jodhpur-342001.

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KANPUR

118/90 "Gumti Plaza", Kanpur-208012.

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KARNAL-PANIPAT (SATELLITE)

7, Ibrahim Mandi, Near Liberty, Karnal-132001.

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LUCKNOW

C/o Saraswati Shishu Mandir, Near Meena Market, A Block, Indira Nagar, Lucknow-226016.

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LUDHIANA

SCO-11B, 2nd Floor, Gurudwara, Shaheedan Pheruman, G T Road, Near Dholewal Chowk, Ludiana-141003.

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MEERUT

111, Hari Priya Shivaji Road, Meerut-250001.

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MODINAGAR

Above Lords Tailor, Ist Floor, Gurudwara Road, Near Janata Band, Modinagar-201204.

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NOIDA

C-262 Salora Vihar, Plot No. C 58/12, Sector 62, Noida-201301

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SHIMLA

C/o Shri PSR Murthy, Company Secretary, Satluj Jal Vidyut Nigam Ltd., HIMFED Building, New Shimla-171009.

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UDAIPUR

C/o Company Secretary, Hindustan Zinc Ltd., Yashad Bhawan, Udaipur-313003.

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VARANASI (SATELLITE)

C/o Sushil Kumar Kandoi, F Block, 2nd Floor, Gurukripa Colony, Nadesar, Varanasi-221002.

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YAMUNA NAGAR (SATELLITE)

368/14, Gopindpuri Road, Professor Colony, Yamuna Nagar-135001

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Southern Region..

ICSI-SIRC House, Old No. 4, New No. 9, Wheat Crofts Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai-600034.

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Chapters under Southern Region

BANGALORE

Sheriff Chamber, III Floor, Rear Block, 14 Cunningham Road, Bengaluru

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CALICUT (SATELLITE)

Ist Floor, 'SHANTH', Wayanad Road, Calicut-673001.

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KOCHI

Door No. 25, Mather Square, 2nd Floor, (opp. North Railway Station), Kochi-682018.

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COIMBATORE

217, New Scheme Road, Pappananickenpalayam, Coimbatore-641037.

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HUBLI-DHARWAD (SATELLITE)

No. 10, First Floor, Maruthi Complex, Line Bazar, Dharwad-580001.

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HYDERABAD

(An ISO 9001:2000 Chapter), D.No. 6-3-609/5, Anand Nagar, Khairatabad, Hyderabad-500004.

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KOTTAYAM (SATELLITE)

Bldg No. XI/333, Pattaseril, Eranjal Road, Kottayam-686004.

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MADURAI

IC-3, III Floor, A.R. Plaza, 16/17 North Veli Street, Madurai.

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MANGALORE

Grace Towers, II Floor, Bejai, Mangalore-575004.

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MYSORE

Behind Swami Vivekananda Hall, Mahajana Pre-University College Premises, Jayalakshmipuram, Mysore.

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PONDICHERRY

No.5, II Main Road, 5th Cross, Rajaji Nagar, Lawspet, Puducherry.

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SALEM (SATELLITE)

62 Vaniga Valagam, Salem Corporation, Salem-636004.

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THIRUVANANTHAPURAM

Utsavamadom Buildings Fort, Thiruvananthapuram-695023.

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THRISSUR (SATELLITE)

Revathi Complex, 2nd Floor, Civil Lines Road, West Fort, Pithole P.O., Thrissur-680004.

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TIRUCHIRAPALLI

34A, Promenade Road, Cantonment, Tiruchirapalli-620001.

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VIJAYAWADA (SATELLITE)

ICWAI Bhawan, D.No. 58-6-14, Karanamgari Street, Patamata, Vijayawada-520010.

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VISAKAPATNAM

48-3-3, 1st Floor, Street of BVK College, Srinagar, Visakhapatnam-530016.

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Western Region

ICSI-WIRC House, 13 Jolly Maker Chambers, No. II (Ist Floor), Nariman Point, Mumbai-400021.

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Chapters under Western Region

AHMEDABAD ICSI

Maneklal Mills Complex, S-2, B Tower Chinubhai Towers, Opp. Handloom House, Ashram Road, Ahmedabad-380009.

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AURANGABAD (SATELLITE)

C/o Nilayam 29, Vishvakarma Coop. Hsg. Society, CIDCO, N-8, E-Sector, Aurangabad-431003.

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BHOPAL

148, 2nd Floor, Anchor Manson, M P Nagar Zone-II, Bhopal-462011.

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DOMBIVLI

Satchidanand Society (Ground Floor), Tilak Road, Near Old Post Office, Dombivli (East)-421201.

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GOA

"Indraprastha" (6th Floor), Menezes Braganza Road, Panjim-403001.

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GWALIOR (SATELLITE)

1st Floor, Govind Kunj, Sanjay Complex, Jayendra Ganj, Gwalior-474009.

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INDORE

B/1-2-2 Ashray Apartment, 2/1 Manoramganj, Indore-452001.

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NAGPUR

276 Crystal Plaza, Central Bazar Road, Ramdaspeth Lokmat Square, Nagpur-440010.

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NASHIK (SATELLITE)

2nd Floor, Prasanna Archade, Old Agra Road, Nashik-422002.

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NAVI MUMBAI

Sai Chambers, 20/3rd Floor, Sec-11, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai-400614.

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PUNE

23 Mukund Nagar, Corner of Lane No. 1, Above Dr Joshi Hospital, Gupte Market, Pune-411037.

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RAIPUR

C/o Agrawal Mahendra & Co., 224 Rishabh Complex, M G Road, Raipur-492001.

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RAJKOT

513, Star Plaza, Opp. Hotel Ravi Phulchhab Chowk, Rajkot-360001.

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SURAT

B-209, Tirupati Plaza, Near Collectors Office, Athwagate, Surat-395001.

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THANE

Building No. 41 A, Flat No 1, Brindavan, Vaishali CHSL, Brindavan Society, Thane (W)-400061.

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VADODARA

Office No.1 (2nd Floor), Stop-N-Shop Plaza, Offtel Tower-II, R C Dutt Road, Vadodara-390007.

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CENTRE FOR CORPORATE RESEARCH & TRAINING (CCRT)

Plot No. 101, Sector 15, Institutional Area, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai-400614.

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IMPROVE YOUR LANGUAGE

Dangling modifiers, could make your sentences sound slightly queer. For example: Walking to the part on a rainy day, my clothes became wet. This sentence does not make any sense because the words walking to the park on a rainy day modifies the words my clothes. Surely someone must have been walking?
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The correct use would be : When I was walking to the part on a rainy day, my clothes became wet.
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Here are a few more examples.
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Wrong…: Having arrived late for work, a written note was required(The sentense implies that the written note arrive late!)
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Correct…: Having arrived late for work, Seema required a written note
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Now let’s take a look another group of modifiers known as Squinting Modifiers. They are called so because a vaguely placed modifier that appears to modify either the word before it or the word after it - is akin to someone who is squinting!
Here are a few examples…..
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Wrong…: Students who pay attention to their studies most of the time get higher grades.
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Correct…: Most of the time, students who pay attention to their studies get higher grades OR Students who pay attention to their studies get higher grades most of the time.

Colleges in Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India

Engineering colleges in Krishna District, A.P., INDIA

1) Prasad Institute of Technology & Sciences, Vidyanagar, Jaggaiahpet, Krishna Dist.,

2) SRK Institute of Technology, Enikepadu, Krishna Dist., PIN: 521108.

3) Amritha Sai Institute of Science and Technology, Near Paritala Bypass, NH-9, Amritha Sai Nagar, Ganalakuru Road, Kanchikacherla, Krishna Dist., PIN: 521180

4) Gudlavalleru Engineering College, Gudlavalleru, Krishna Dist., PIN: 521356

5) Lakkireddi Balireddi Engineering College, LBR Nagar, Mallavaram, Krishna Dist., PIN: 521 230.

6) Nirma College of Engineering and Technology, Ibrahimpatnam, Krishna Dist.,

7) SRA College of Architecture, Agiripalli, Krishna Dist.,

8) Sri Saradhi Institute of Engineering Nuziveedu, Krishna Dist.,

9) VR Siddardha Engineering College, Kanur, Krishna Dist.,

10) SVH College of Engineering Potepalle, Machilipatnam, Krishna Dist.,

POST GRADUATE COLLEGES :

1) Akkineni Nageswara Rao College - Post Graduate Department of Business Administration, Gudiwada, Krishna Dist., PIN: 521301.

2) Hindu College, Machilipatnam.
Dental Colleges:

1) Drs Sudha & Nageswara Rao, Siddartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Chinaoutpally, Gannaam (M), Krishna Distt.

Homeopathi colleges:

1) Dr. Gururaju Govt, Homeopathic Medical College, Gudiwada, Krishna Dist.,

Nursing Colleges :

1) Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddartha institute of Medical Sciences & Research Foundation School of Nursing, Chinnaoutpalli, Gannavaram (M), Krishna Distt.,

2) Florance Nightingale College of Nursing, Sibar Cancer Hospital Campus, Eedupugallu, Kankipadu (M), Krishna Distt., PIN: 521144.

3) Gifford Memorial Hospital of 7th day Adventists, Nuziveedu (P), Krishna Distt,

4) Grace School of Nursing, Buttaipet, Machilipatnam, Krishna Distt.,

Pharmasy colleges :

1) Nova College of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jupudi (P), Ibrahimpatnam (M), Krishna Distt.,

B.Ed. Colleges:

1) Nova College of Education Ibrahimpatnam (M), Krishna Dist., PIN: 521456

2) Siddartha College of Education, Vijayawada, PIN: 521110

3) SPMH College of Education Edepalli, Machilipatnam, Krishna Distt., PIN : 521001

4) Andhra Jateeya College of Education, Machilipatnam, Krishna Distt.,

5) Akkineni Nageswara Rao College of Education, Gudiwada, Krishna Distt.,

6) District Institute of Education and Training (DIET) , Angaluru, Krishna Distt., PIN: 521330

7) Vikas College of Education C/o Saraswathi Vidyapeetham, Vissannapet (P), Krishna Distt.,

8) Montessory Mahila College of Education, Venkateswarapuram, Vijayawada-10.

Hotel Management colleges:

1) Siddartha Institute of Hotel Management Catering Technology, Siddartha Nagar, Vijayawada-10